Telescope+Notes+ICS16DO2


 * Define the following terms**
 * Energy -** power that we can use that usually comes from heat, electricity, etc.


 * Radiation -** energy that comes from different forms of waves that we cannot see


 * Wavelength -** the distance from one wave of energy to another while it is traveling to one place to another


 * Frequency -** the number of times something is repeated in a certain period of time (like sound waves or radio waves)


 * Reflect -** to move in one direction, hit something, and go in another direction


 * Refract -** an object or some type of substance to make light go in another direction when it goes at a certain angle


 * Absorb -** to take something in (heat, light, energy, etc.)


 * Information from class notes, The order is from lowest energy on the left to highest energy.**


 * Electromagnetic Spectrum**


 * Radio Microwave Infrared Visible UV X-Ray Gamma Ray**


 * Answer each question as TRUE or FALSE. After each answer, write one or two sentences from the website that provides evidence to support your answer.**


 * []**
 * 1) The electromagnetic spectrum is made up of only visible light.
 * 2) False
 * 3) The human eye can only see visible light, which is a portion of a spectrum.
 * 4) Microwaves are used to communicate with satellites because they can pass through parts of our atmosphere
 * 5) True
 * 6) Some microwaves can pass through clouds, which make them the best wavelength for sending satellite communication signals.
 * 7) Mechanical waves such as sound cannot travel through space
 * 8) True
 * 9) Electromagnetic waves are different from mechanical waves because they don't need a medium to grow.
 * 10) Waves in the electromagnetic spectrum with long wavelengths have the most energy
 * 11) False
 * 12) When you move along the spectrum from long to short wavelenghts, energy increases as the wavelength gets shorter.
 * 13) Because we knowing how fast light travels and how it is reflected, we can use this information to figure out how far away objects are.
 * 14) True
 * 15) This reflective behavior of light is used by lasers on NASA's Lunar reconnaissance Orbiter to mpthe surface of the Moon. This measures the timeit takes a laser pulse to hit the surface andreturn. The longer the response time, the farther away the surface and lower the elevation. A shorter response time means that the surface is closer or higher in the elevation.
 * 16) Different types (wavelengths) of light are refracted (bent) differently.
 * 17) True
 * 18) Different wavelenghts of light are slowed down at different rates, which causes them to bend at different angles.
 * 19) EXTRA CREDIT Using question 6: Why do you think this would be a problem when making a telescope using lenses?
 * 20) If different colors bend differently, the images we see from far away will be disorted and seem out of focus.
 * 21) Even though we can’t see it with our eyes, cooler objects such as planets and people emit infrared waves that can be studied with special instruments.
 * 22) True
 * 23) Many objects inthe universe are too cool and faint to be detectedinvisible light but can be detected in the infrared.
 * 24) Ultraviolet light from space is easily researched using ground telescopes.
 * 25) False
 * 26) Since the Earth's atmosphere bsorbs much of the high-energy ultraviolet radiation, scientists use data from satellites that are positioned above the atmosphere, in orbit around the Earth, to sense UV radation coming from our Sun and other astronomicl objects.
 * 27) A star that emits mostly yellow visible light is hotter than a red star. - True - Since the sun's temperature is at 5,500C, this causes the sun to emit yellow light. If the temperature were at 3,300 C, the sun would start to emit red light.
 * 28) Absorption lines in the visible spectra and patterns of reflectance can be used to tell us what distant objects like stars and planets are made of. - True - These patterns can give us clues about some hidden properties of the unknown objects about the universe.
 * Reflection Questions**
 * 1. What characteristic does your group feel is most important in your ranking system?**
 * 1. What characteristic does your group feel is most important in your ranking system?**


 * 2. Why do you feel this is more important than the others?**


 * 3. Can you properly explain your selection process?**


 * Readiness Questions**
 * 1. What is the Problem?**


 * 2. Who is the client?**


 * 3. What is the client asking your team to do?**


 * 4. What things do you need to include in your solution?**


 * 5. Do you think there is more than one correct answer to what the client is asking? Why or why not?**


 * Science Standards**
 * SC.8.E.5.11: Identify and compare characteristics of the electromagnet spectrum such as wavelength, frequency, use, and hazards and recognize its application to an understanding of planetary images and satellite photographs.**


 * SC.8.E.5.10 Assess how technology is essential to science for such purposes as access to outer space and other remote locations, sample collection, measurement, data collection and storage, computation, and communication of information.**
 * Language Arts Standards**


 * LAFS.68.RST.1.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts.**


 * MEA-RUBRIC (Space Telescope)**


 * **REQUIREMENT** || **1 (Unsatisfactory)** || **2(Developing)** || **3(Effective)** || **4(Excellent)** ||
 * **1st Response Letter (10%)** || **Students may mention their top choice and process, but little to no explanation is given. It could not be repeated.** || **Students make a choice and attempt to explain the process. Repeating the process may be difficult.** || **Students make a choice and explain the process. It could be repeated using different data.** || **Students clearly explain their choice and process. It could be easily repeated using different data. Process is well thought out and logical.** ||
 * **2nd Response Letter: Choice (10%)** || **Students may not mention a top choice. No explanation is given.** || **Students state their top choice and attempt a brief explanation.** || **Students state their top choice and explain why they made this selection.** || **Students state their top choice and defend it with a comprehensive explanation.** ||
 * **2nd Response Letter: Process (40%)** || **Students may mention their process, but little to no explanation is given. It could not be repeated.** || **Students attempt to explain the process by which their selection was made. Repeating the process may be difficult.** || **Students explain the process by which their selection was made. It could be repeated using different data.** || **Students clearly explain the process by which their selection was made. It could be easily repeated using different data. Process is well thought out and logical.** ||
 * **Question Sheet & Evidence (30%)** || **4 or fewer questions answered correctly with proper evidence. No evidence cited earns a Zero (0) in this section.** || **5-6 questions answered correctly with proper evidence** || **At least 7 questions correct with proper evidence.** || **All questions answered correctly with proper, clear evidence cited.**
 * +3% if extra credit question is correct** ||
 * **Spelling & Grammar (10%)** || **Many errors in spelling & grammar.** || **Some errors in spelling & grammar.** || **Few errors or errors with difficult spelling or grammar.** || **Little to no errors in spelling or grammar.** ||

/ * \ o /___\ My Notes: A spectrograph splits light into its component wavelengths. First, light travels from a telescope through a small opening in the spectrograph to a collimating mirror that lines up all entering rays of light parallel to one another before they reach a finely scored plate of glass known as a diffraction grating. When light passes through or bounces off this glass grating, its many constituent wavelengths each change speed and direction according to their spectral color. The grating bends red light in a different way from orange light, which bends a little differently from yellow light and so on, spreading the many wavelengths into a rainbow spectrum. Rotating the diffraction grating controls which wavelengths of light reach another mirror, which in turn focuses these wavelengths onto a photodetector, such as a charge-coupled device. The detector converts photons into electrical signals that a computer interprets to measure the strength of different wavelengths.