StemFairProjectICS17VeleG

**Velez, Pg. 1**    **Avoid The Shock of Shocks: Detecting Electromagnetic Fields** **November 28,2016** **Giancarlo Velez** **December 8, 2016** **8A Grade Science** **Mr. Joshua Paczynski**

**Velez, Pg. 2**    **Abstract:**
 * Almost all objects have an electrical charge, but which objects hold the charge the longest? This project looked at a 9 volt battery powering a LED and had a sensor detecting the electromagnetic fields of objects. Many objects used in this experiment were all from the Triboelectric Series (human hair or hands, nylon, wool, etc.) and they were tested by rubbing objects on opposite ends of the Triboelectric Series and then determining which object held the charge the longest. They were 3 trials which included 3 different objects (Cotton, Wool, Human Hair), the objects being rubbed against it and how long it takes for the LED to turn back on.

**Velez, Pg. 3**    Table Of Contents:
 * Pg. 1: Title
 * Pg. 2: Abstract
 * Pg. 3: Table of Contents
 * Pg. 4: Acknowledgments
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Pg. 5: Question and Hypohthesis
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Pg. 6: Background Research
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Pg. 7: Materials and Procedure
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Pg. 8: Results, Analysis, and Discussion

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Velez, Pg. 4**    <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Acknowledgements:**
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Parents
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Teachers
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Science buddies.org

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Velez, Pg. 5**    <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Questions:** <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Hypothesis:** <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Velez, Pg. 6**   <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Backround Research:**
 * “<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">What common household materials are available that are far apart on the triboelectric series?”
 * “<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">What combination of materials would you expect to create the greatest separation of charge when rubbed together?”
 * “<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">How does distance affect the strength of the electric field?” http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Elec_p050/electricity-electronics/electric-field-detector.shtml#background
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">I believe that wool will hold an electrical charge the longest?
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">The battery will send electrons through the circuit to the transistor. The transistor is like a faucet, the electrons are sent through which then cause the LED to light up. When a negatively charged object comes near the resistor the magnetic field is so strong which causes the LED to dim and when the field is lost the electrons then can flow through towards the LED allowing it to light up which then allow us to test more objects.

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Velez, Pg. 7**    <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Materials and Equipment:** <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Procedures:**
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Breadboard
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">9V battery
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">9Vbattery snap connector
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Transistor
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">100kΩ resistor
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Red LED
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Several objects from the triboelectric series This project works best with objects on opposite ends of the series (for example, human hair and a plastic item). (for example, wood and cotton).
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Ruler
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Stopwatch
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Tape
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Lab notebook
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">When you rub two objects together, the one lower on the triboelectric series (meaning it has a negative charge) should cause the LED to go out when you bring it near the circuit. The object higher on the series (with a positive charge) may cause the LED to get slightly brighter, but this can be difficult to see since the LED is already on. This project works best if you bring negatively charged objects near the circuit.”
 * “<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">The charge on an object will dissipate if you handle it, especially if your hands are slightly damp. By handling the object, the charged particles are transferred from the object to your skin. You can keep the charge from being lost by isolating the charged object; for example, by quickly placing it on an insulating surface (like a wooden tabletop) next to the circuit, or by suspending the object with string made of nylon, or some other insulating material.”
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">The LED might turn off completely after the circuit is exposed to a strong positive field. You can "reset" the circuit by tapping the resistor leads with your finger, or by waving a negatively charged object (such as a plastic pen that has been run through your hair) near the antenna.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Select one material from the positive end of the triboelectric series and an assortment of materials in the neutral and negative parts of the series. You will rub all the other materials against the first one.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">If possible, prepare all your materials in one place, on a single work surface, so you can do the experiment without walking around. Moving around (especially on carpet) can cause static electricity to build up on your body, and this can affect your results.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Rub two materials together and immediately place the negatively charged one directly next to the antenna. Use a stopwatch to time how long it takes the LED to come back on. Repeat this for each of your materials (make sure you rub each material the same number of times), and do at least three trials for each material.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">Set up a ruler to measure the distance from the antenna. Rub two materials together and then slowly move the negatively charged one toward the antenna until the LED goes out. Record the distance at which the LED goes out. Again, repeat this for each of your other materials and do at least three trials. Remember that the objects might lose charge as you hold them, so you might need to devise a technique to move the objects closer to the antenna without touching them. For example, you could slide them on a wooden block or suspend them from a string.

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Velez, Pg. 8**    <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Results:** >  <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">  <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;">**Analysis:** >  <span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"> **Discussion:** >
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